In the days
of colonization, both people in the North and people in the South kept slaves.
Little by little the northern States became industrialized and slavery was
gradually abolished.
The South,
on the contrary, remained essentially rural, and the landowners, who needed
slaves to cultivate the land and chiefly to produce cotton, didn’t want to
abolish slavery.
In 1860 Abraham Lincoln became the sixteenth President of
the United States of America. He was a well-known lawyer who had always fought
against slavery and so it happened that the southern States, which needed negro
slaves, withdrew from the Union and elected their own President, Jefferson
Davis.
Civil war
was inevitable and, in fact, it broke out a few months later, and lasted four
years. In the end the southern commander, General Lee, had to surrender to the
northern General Grant.
In this war
thousands of soldiers died and a great number of houses and farms were set on
fire chiefly in the South. But slavery was abolished at last.
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